Vyšehrad is a historic fortress located on a hill overlooking the Vltava River in Prague.  The complex includes the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul, a cemetery where many famous Czechs are buried (including composers like Antonín Dvořák), and the remains of a medieval fortification.

Today, Vyšehrad is a peaceful blend of park, history, and legend—offering both scenic beauty and deep connections to the Czech past.

In this blog, we invite you to explore the history, architecture, and must-visit spots of Vyšehrad.

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Vyšehrad is known for its rich history as a fortress, a royal residence, and a spiritual center.

Vyšehrad began as a 10th-century fortified settlement, strategically placed on a hill above the Vltava River. In the 11th century, it gained prominence when Prince Vratislav II made it his royal seat, enhancing its political and religious importance.

During the Romanesque and Gothic periods, Vyšehrad saw the construction of churches, a palace, and defensive walls. Although it eventually lost its role as a royal residence to Prague Castle, it remained spiritually significant.

In the 17th century, amid the threat of foreign invasions, the Habsburgs rebuilt Vyšehrad into a Baroque fortress, adding massive ramparts that still stand today. Over time, its military function faded, and Vyšehrad transformed into a place of remembrance and national pride.

By the 19th century, with the rise of Czech nationalism, Vyšehrad became a symbol of Czech heritage. The Neo-Gothic renovation of the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul and the creation of the Slavín Cemetery, where many national heroes are buried, cemented its role as a cultural monument.

Vyšehrad is a unique architectural mosaic, where each era of Czech history left its mark. As the complex evolved from a royal stronghold into a spiritual and national symbol, it absorbed a variety of styles:

The earliest surviving structures at Vyšehrad date back to the Romanesque period. These include remnants of fortified walls and the Rotunda of St. Martin, the oldest surviving building in the complex. The rotunda’s thick stone walls and small, rounded windows are classic features of Romanesque architecture, designed for durability and defense.

During the high and late Middle Ages, Vyšehrad experienced Gothic additions, reflecting its continued religious significance. While much of the Gothic work was later modified, traces remain in structural elements and foundations, and most notably in the original Gothic version of the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul before its later renovation. Gothic elements are characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and tall, narrow windows.

In the wake of the Thirty Years’ War, Vyšehrad was transformed into a Baroque fortress under the Habsburg monarchy. This phase introduced massive star-shaped fortifications, bastions, and gate structures such as the Tabor and Leopold Gates, built for military defense. The Baroque style emphasized grandeur and dramatic contrasts, reflecting the power of the Habsburg Empire.

As part of the Czech National Revival in the 19th century, Vyšehrad underwent significant restoration, especially the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul, which was remodeled in the Neo-Gothic style. This revivalist architecture sought to celebrate the medieval roots of Czech identity. The basilica now features ornate spires, stained glass windows, intricate stone carvings, and colorful decorative elements typical of the Neo-Gothic aesthetic.

Vyšehrad’s dramatic transformation into a Baroque fortress in the 17th century left behind some of its most visually striking features: the massive stone fortifications and monumental gates that still surround the site today.

Originally built to defend against invaders during the Habsburg era, these star-shaped bastions and thick walls were constructed to military standards of the time, combining strategic design with imposing scale.

Among the most notable gates are:

Built in the Baroque style around 1678, the Leopold Gate is the most prominent entrance to Vyšehrad. Named after Emperor Leopold I, it features decorative reliefs, pilasters, and a grand archway, symbolizing power and protection.

Dating back to the mid-17th century, the Tabor Gate connects Vyšehrad with the New Town and once served as part of a controlled access point to the fortress. Its simple, utilitarian design contrasts with the more ornate Leopold Gate.

The Brick Gate (Cihelna Brána) is a lesser-known structure with a more functional look. This gate leads to a quieter part of the grounds and the former fortress armory.

The fortress complex includes defensive walls, bastions, and gates such as the Leopold Gate, offering panoramic views of Prague.​

Architect: Joseph Mocker (initial design), completed by František Mikš

Architectural Style: Neo-Gothic

Year Built: 1887–1903 (on the site of earlier Romanesque and Gothic structures)

Address: Štulcova, 128 00 Prague 2 – Vyšehrad

Originally founded between 1070–1080 by King Vratislaus II, the basilica has undergone several reconstructions due to damage over the centuries. The current neo-Gothic structure, completed in 1903, features twin spires and an interior adorned with Art Nouveau wall paintings and decorations. ​

Architect: Antonín Baum

Architectural Style: Neo-Romanesque

Year Built: 1880

Address: Štulcova, 120 00 Prague 2 – Vyšehrad

This small chapel, situated near the Basilica of Sts Peter and Paul, was designed by Antonín Baum in 1880. It houses a statue of Saint Ludmila, likely created by M. J. J. Brokoff in the first half of the 18th century. ​

Architect: Unknown (original construction); restored by Antonín Baum

Architectural Style: Romanesque

Year Built: Second half of the 11th century

Address: Vyšehrad, 128 00 Prague 2

The Rotunda of St. Martin is the oldest preserved rotunda in Prague, dating back to the second half of the 11th century. Over the centuries, it has served various purposes, including as a gunpowder storage facility. In 1875, it was purchased by the Vyšehrad canonry and restored under the guidance of architect Antonín Baum.

Vyšehradský hřbitov

Architect: Original design by Antonín Barvitius

Architectural Style: Neo-Romanesque (especially the arcades around the cemetery)

Year Built: 1869

Address: Štulcova Street, Vyšehrad, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic

Vyšehrad Cemetery is the final resting place of many of the most significant figures in Czech cultural, artistic, and political history, including composers like Bedřich Smetana, writers like Karel Čapek, artists, and scientists.

The cemetery is distinguished by its grand arcades, beautiful sculptures, tombstones, and elaborately decorated graves that represent Czech national pride.

Architect: Bedřich Münzberger (Slavín Tomb)

Architectural Style: Neo-Renaissance (Slavín Tomb monument)

Year Built: 1889–1893

Address: Štulcova Street, Vyšehrad, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic

At the heart of the Vyšehrad Cemetery stands the Slavín Tomb, a monumental burial site intended for the greatest Czech personalities. Designed by Antonín Barvitius and completed by Bedřich Münzberger, the Slavín is crowned with a symbolic figure of Victory and features a majestic Neo-Renaissance architectural style.

A visit to Vyšehrad offers a peaceful yet powerful escape from the busier parts of Prague. Here’s what you can expect when exploring this historic site:

Vyšehrad has visitor information centers, cafes, and clean restrooms. Entry to the grounds is free, though some attractions (like the basilica interior or museum exhibitions) may have a small entrance fee.

Vyšehrad is perched high above the Vltava River, providing panoramic views of Prague’s cityscape, especially beautiful at sunset. The elevated walkways along the ancient fortress walls offer some of the best photo opportunities in the city.

Unlike Prague Castle, Vyšehrad has a tranquil, uncrowded atmosphere. With well-maintained gardens, tree-lined paths, and benches, it’s a perfect spot to relax or enjoy a slower-paced exploration.

To make the most of your visit to this historic and serene part of Prague, here are some practical and insightful tips:

Take Metro Line C (Red) to Vyšehrad Station—it’s just a 10-minute walk from there. You can also take a tram to the nearby Albertov or Výtoň stops.

Vyšehrad is best explored on foot, and the site includes cobbled paths, grassy parks, and long walks along the old ramparts—so wear sturdy, comfortable shoes for a relaxed experience.

The park-like setting and scenic views make Vyšehrad a great spot for a picnic. Alternatively, there are a few charming cafés near the entrance where you can grab a coffee or snack before or after your walk.

Vyšehrad is generally quieter than other Prague landmarks, but for the most tranquil experience—and the best light for photos—visit early in the morning or around sunset.

The Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul is the crown jewel of Vyšehrad. Though the exterior is stunning, step inside to admire the rich Neo-Gothic interior, vibrant murals, and stained glass. There’s a small entrance fee, but it’s well worth it.

Vyšehrad Cemetery is a solemn and beautiful space. Many visitors come to see the Slavín tomb and graves of famous Czech artists, so be sure to walk quietly and respectfully.

Knowing a bit about the myths of Princess Libuše, Bivoj, and the founding of Prague adds a magical layer to your visit. Interpretive signs on the grounds also share some of these stories.

After exploring Vyšehrad, consider walking down to the Vltava River via the scenic stairs. You can follow the river path toward the city center for a beautiful walk with less tourist traffic.

If you are planning a trip to Prague, there are plenty of excellent places to stay. However, for the best experience, we strongly recommend staying in the Old Town (Staré Mesto). The castle marker on the map below is the Old Town Square in the heart of the Old Town. We suggest staying as close to it as possible, depending on your budget and preferences.

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Yes! Entry to the Vyšehrad grounds and cemetery is free, making it one of Prague’s best budget-friendly attractions. However, some parts—like the interior of the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul or museum exhibitions—may require a small admission fee.

Vyšehrad is easily accessible by public transport. Take Metro Line C (Red) to Vyšehrad Station—from there, it’s about a 10-minute walk to the main entrance. You can also take trams to nearby stops like Albertov or Výtoň, and enjoy a scenic walk uphill.

Most visitors spend 1.5 to 3 hours exploring Vyšehrad, depending on your pace and interests. If you’re planning to walk the ramparts, visit the basilica, tour the cemetery, and relax in the park, allow for at least 2 hours.

Some of the top highlights include:

• The Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul (especially the Neo-Gothic interior)
• The Vyšehrad Cemetery and Slavín Tomb
• The Rotunda of St. Martin (the oldest building on site)
• The Baroque Leopold Gate and fortification walls
• Panoramic views of the Vltava River and Prague skyline

Absolutely! Vyšehrad has a calm, park-like atmosphere with wide paths, grassy areas, and benches, making it ideal for families, couples, and solo travelers. It’s a great place to escape the crowds, enjoy a picnic, or explore Prague’s quieter historic side.