Albanian Architecture
Albanian Architecture Guide: Things to Know Before You Go
We enjoy seeing the historic architecture while traveling. Albanian architecture is a blend of Ottoman, Roman, and Byzantine styles, showcasing centuries of history and cultural exchanges.
We have found that the best way to identify the historic architecture in each country is by seeing what sites are on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Albania has two cultural sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List, including:
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Architectural Styles in Albania
Albanian architecture showcases elements from Ottoman, Roman, and Byzantine styles, reflecting its rich historical and cultural influences over the centuries.
Ottoman
The Ottoman influence in Albania’s architecture can be seen in the intricate designs of mosques, hammams, and bazaars scattered throughout the country. These structures stand as a testament to Albania’s diverse cultural heritage and the lasting impact of Ottoman rule.
Roman
The Roman influence in Albanian architecture is evident in the well-preserved ruins of ancient cities such as Butrint and Apollonia. These archaeological sites offer a glimpse into Albania’s past as an important center of Roman civilization in the region. Visitors can wander through ancient theaters, temples, and residential buildings, marveling at the ingenuity and craftsmanship of the Romans.
Byzantine
The Byzantine influence in Albanian architecture adds another layer of richness to the country’s cultural tapestry. The iconic domes, intricate mosaics, and ornate churches scattered across Albania bear witness to the Byzantine legacy that has endured through the centuries. Exploring these architectural gems offers a glimpse into a world where spirituality and artistry intertwine seamlessly, creating a mesmerizing experience for visitors seeking to uncover Albania’s hidden treasures.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Albania
The UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites currently includes two sites in Albania: the historic centers of Berat and Gjirokastër and Butrint. Additionally, the Amphitheatre of Durrës, Royal Illyrian Tombs of Selcë e Poshtme, the Archaeological site of Apollonia, and the Castle of Bashtova are inscribed on the country’s tentative list.
Butrint
Butrint was an ancient Greek polis and later a Roman city, as well as the seat of an early Christian bishopric in Epirus. It began to decline in Late Antiquity and was eventually abandoned during the Middle Ages after a significant earthquake flooded much of the city.
Today, the site is regarded as one of the most important archaeological locations in Albania. Due to its immense wealth of cultural, historical, and natural value, along with a rich history, Butrint was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992 and later designated as a National Park in 2000.
Historic Centers of Berat and Gjirokaster
The Historic Centers of Berat and Gjirokastër encompass the cities of Berat and Gjirokastër in southern Albania. Gjirokastër was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 2005, while Berat was included as an extension in 2008. They are recognized as exceptional examples of architectural character typical of the Ottoman period.
Berat is often called the “city of a thousand windows” and is considered one of Albania’s architectural treasures. Traces of the Illyrians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans are still evident and well-preserved throughout the city, showcasing castles and mansions, old churches and mosques, along with impressive wall paintings, icons, and murals. Over the centuries, Berat has been a place where various religions and communities have coexisted peacefully.
Gjirokastër, known as the “city of stone,” stretches along the steep sides of the Drino River valley, overlooking a historic landscape filled with picturesque stone architecture framed by mountains on all sides. Like many other cities in Albania, Gjirokastër features architectural treasures from various civilizations that once conquered the region.
FAQs About Albanian Architecture
What is the style of architecture in Albania?
After communism was established in Albania, socialist ideology led to the demolition of many historic and sacred buildings.
What are Albanian houses made of?
The lower floors’ substantial stone construction is influenced by the traditional rural Albanian tower house, known as kullë. In contrast, the uppermost floors, characterized by a timber framework (çatma), wooden lath and plaster, and an array of windows and terraces, are indicative of urban Ottoman architectural practices.